What is the biological process of diabetes?
Diabetes is a disease that occurs when your blood glucose, also called blood sugar, is too high. Blood glucose is your main source of energy and comes from the food you eat. Insulin, a hormone made by the pancreas, helps glucose from food get into your cells to be used for energy.
What is the basic underlying pathophysiology of type 2 diabetes?
Type 2 Diabetes Mellitus (T2DM) is one of the most common metabolic disorders worldwide and its development is primarily caused by a combination of two main factors: defective insulin secretion by pancreatic β-cells and the inability of insulin-sensitive tissues to respond to insulin [1].
What are the three main signs of diabetes?
Here are more details about the signs and symptoms of diabetes:
- Excessive thirst and increased urination. Excessive thirst and increased urination are common diabetes signs and symptoms.
- Weight loss.
- Blurred vision.
- Slow-healing sores or frequent infections.
- Red, swollen, tender gums.
What is the cause of diabetic?
The exact cause of type 1 diabetes is unknown. What is known is that your immune system — which normally fights harmful bacteria or viruses — attacks and destroys your insulin-producing cells in the pancreas. This leaves you with little or no insulin.
What is the anatomy and physiology of type 2 diabetes?
When you have type 2 diabetes, your fat, liver, and muscle cells do not respond correctly to insulin. This is called insulin resistance. As a result, blood sugar does not get into these cells to be stored for energy. When sugar cannot enter cells, a high level of sugar builds up in the blood.
What is the anatomy and physiology of diabetes?
Diabetes occurs when there is a dis-balance between the demand and production of the hormone insulin. Pathophysiology of type 1 diabetes is that in this condition the immune system attacks and destroys the insulin producing beta cells of the pancreas.
What are the basics of diabetes?
By definition, diabetes is having a blood glucose level of 126 milligrams per deciliter (mg/dL) or more after an overnight fast (not eating anything). Type 1 diabetes occurs because the insulin-producing cells of the pancreas (called beta cells) are destroyed by the immune system.
What are facts about diabetes?
People with diabetes are twice as likely to have heart disease or a stroke as people without diabetes—and at an earlier age.
What is the primary cause of diabetes?
Type 1 diabetes is caused by the immune system destroying the cells in the pancreas that make insulin. This causes diabetes by leaving the body without enough insulin to function normally. This is called an autoimmune reaction, or autoimmune cause, because the body is attacking itself.
Why does ketoacidosis only happen to people with diabetes?
Diabetic ketoacidosis occurs when a person with diabetes becomes dehydrated. As the body produces a stress response, hormones (unopposed by insulin due to the insulin deficiency) begin to break down muscle, fat, and liver cells into glucose (sugar) and fatty acids for use as fuel.