How does Raman amplifier work?
Raman Amplifier Figure 15.4. Raman amplifier. The Raman amplifier makes use of stimulated Raman scattering (SRS) within the fiber, which transfers the energy of higher-frequency pump signals to lower-frequency signals. When using a different wavelength, pump power can be increased, and bandwidth is enlarged as well.
What is in a Raman amplifier?
A Raman amplifier is an optical amplifier based on Raman gain, which results from the effect of stimulated Raman scattering. An input signal can be amplified while co- or counterpropagating with a pump beam, the wavelength of which is typically a few tens of nanometers shorter.
Why it is being called as Raman amplifier?
Raman amplification /ˈrɑːmən/ is based on the stimulated Raman scattering (SRS) phenomenon, when a lower frequency ‘signal’ photon induces the inelastic scattering of a higher-frequency ‘pump’ photon in an optical medium in the nonlinear regime.
What is the difference between EDFA and Raman amplifier?
The main difference: the amplification mechanism is different. Edfa uses the principle of stimulated radiation of EDF fiber to amplify the optical signal. Raman amplification uses the Raman effect to achieve energy conversion and amplify the optical signal.
What is Raman gain?
Raman gain is optical gain (amplification) arising from stimulated Raman scattering. It can occur in transparent solid media (e.g. optical fibers), liquids and gases under the influence of intense pump light, and is used in Raman amplifiers and Raman lasers.
Which is also known as lamp Raman amplifiers?
8. _________ is also known as lump Raman amplifiers. Explanation: Discrete Raman Amplifiers are lumped elements. This lumped element is to be inserted in transmission line to provide gain.
What is meant by Raman effect?
Raman effect, change in the wavelength of light that occurs when a light beam is deflected by molecules. When a beam of light traverses a dust-free, transparent sample of a chemical compound, a small fraction of the light emerges in directions other than that of the incident (incoming) beam.
What are the three types of EDFA?
Three EDFA Amplifier Types for DWDM Connectivity The common types are 20dBm Output C-band 40 Channels 26dB Gain Booster EDFA, 16dBm Output C-band 40 Channels 14dB Gain Booster EDFA and so on.
What are the different types of optical amplifier?
There are 2 types of optical amplifiers; an OFA (Optical Fiber Amplifier) and SOA (Semiconductor Optical Amplifier). There are 2 further types of OFAs; an EDFA (Erbium-Doped Fiber Amplifier) and an FRA (Fiber Raman Amplifier).
How is Raman gain calculated?
The Raman gain coefficient of the first Stokes light when pumped at λ = 1 μm is gR = 1 × 10−11 cm/W and is inversely proportional to the wavelength [11]. Figure 5.21. Raman gain spectrum of silica glass.
What is semiconductor optical amplifier?
An SOA (Semiconductor Optical Amplifier) is a semiconductor element that amplifies light. When light enters from outside the semiconductor, the light is amplified by stimulated emission. SOA is used for amplifying an optical signal.
Are lump Raman amplifiers?
What is distributed Raman amplification (II)?
Distributed Raman Amplification (II) With only an EDFA at the transmit end the optical power level decreases over the fiber length With an EDFA and Raman the minimum optical power level occurs toward the middle, not the end, of the fiber. EDFA + Raman Optical Power EDFA only Distance Source: Master 7_5 Animation
What are the different types of Raman amplifiers?
Raman Amplifier Types There are basically two types of Raman amplifiers as given here: Distributed Raman Amplifier (DRA) uses the transmission fiber itself as the medium, into which a backward pump is injected. Discrete (Lumped) Raman Amplifier (RA) The amplifier consists of a coil of dedicated fiber together with pumps. 37.
What is the power output ratio of an RF amplifier?
The transfer function of the amplifier (indeed, any circuit with output and input) is the ratio OUT/IN, so for the power amplification of a receiver RF amplifier it is P0/Pin (or, in terms of voltage, V0 / Vin ). Any real amplifier will saturate given a strong enough input signal (see Figure 16.21 ).
How much does a typical amplifier module cost?
Cost of a typical two-stage amplifier module with mid-stage access, variable gain design, and integrated electronic controls has dropped from nearly $8,000 to $2,500 in the last five years, a nearly 20% year-to-year cost erosion.