What is the pathophysiology of a partial hydatidiform mole?

What is the pathophysiology of a partial hydatidiform mole?

With a partial mole, fetal tissue is often present. Fetal erythrocytes and vessels in the villi are a common finding. The chromosomal complement is 69,XXX or 69,XXY. This results from fertilization of a haploid ovum and duplication of the paternal haploid chromosomes or from dispermy.

What is the pathology of molar pregnancy?

A molar pregnancy occurs when an egg and sperm join incorrectly at fertilization and a noncancerous tumor forms instead of a healthy placenta. The tumor, or mole, cannot support a developing embryo, and the pregnancy ends. It is also called a hydatidiform mole.

How does hydatidiform mole occur?

A molar pregnancy is caused by an abnormally fertilized egg. Human cells normally contain 23 pairs of chromosomes. One chromosome in each pair comes from the father, the other from the mother.

What is the serious complication of hydatidiform mole?

Hydatidiform moles can cause serious complications, including the following: Infection of the uterus. A temperature of 100.4° F (38° C) or higher during the first 12 hours after delivery could indicate an infection but may… read more. A widespread infection of the blood (sepsis.

Which hormones are elevated in a client with hydatidiform mole?

Women with a hydatidiform mole usually have higher-than-average levels of the pregnancy hormone human chorionic gonadotrophin (hCG) compared with women with a normal pregnancy. This hormone is produced by the trophoblastic tissue.

What is complete and partial mole?

Etiology. As described previously, hydatiform moles are divided into complete and partial moles. Complete mole is the most common type and does not contain fetal parts, whereas in a partial mole there might be identifiable fetal residues. Complete moles are typically diploid, whereas partial moles are triploid.

Which of the following symptoms occurs with a hydatidiform mole?

Abnormal growth of the uterus, either bigger or smaller than usual. Severe nausea and vomiting. Vaginal bleeding during the first 3 months of pregnancy.

What are the risk factors of hydatidiform mole?

Gestational Trophoblastic Disease: Risk Factors

• Age. Being younger than 20 or older than 35 during pregnancy brings a higher risk of GTD.
• Previous molar pregnancy. A previous molar pregnancy may increase the risk of developing another GTD.
• Nutrition/diet.
• Blood type.
• Family history of molar pregnancy.

When does hydatidiform mole happen?

Rarely, a hydatidiform mole develops when there is a living fetus. In such cases, the fetus typically dies, and a miscarriage often occurs. Hydatidiform moles are most common among women under 17 or over 35. In the United States, they occur in about 1 in 2,000 pregnancies.

Why is complete mole called complete?

Molar pregnancies are categorized as partial moles or complete moles, with the word mole being used to denote simply a clump of growing tissue, or a growth. A complete mole is caused by a single sperm (90% of the time) or two (10% of the time) sperm combining with an egg which has lost its DNA.

Where is a hydatidiform mole?

Hydatidiform mole (HM) is a rare mass or growth that forms inside the womb (uterus) at the beginning of a pregnancy. It is a type of gestational trophoblastic disease (GTD).

What is the pathophysiology of the hydatidiform mole?

The hydatidiform mole (HM) is a placental pathology of androgenetic origin. Placental villi have an abnormal hyperproliferation event and hydropic degeneration. Three situations can be envisaged at its origin: 1. The destruction/expulsion of the female pronucleus at the time of fertilization by 1 or …

What is the pathophysiology of complete moles?

Pathophysiology A complete mole occurs when an empty ovum is fertilized by a sperm About 80% of complete hydatidiform moles are 46XX, which originate from duplication of the chromosomes of a haploid sperm; the other 20% are 46XY; all the chromosomes are paternally derived

What is the difference between complete and partial hydatidiform moles?

Complete hydatidiform mole 2. Partial hydatidiform mole Complete mole: the genetic material is completely paternally derived with complete absence of maternal chromosome. This results from fertilization of an egg that has lost its chromosomes, either by one or two sperms.

What is hydatidiform mole in pregnancy?

Hydatidiform mole. It results in an abnormal fetus. The placenta grows normally with little or no growth of the fetal tissue. The placental tissue forms a mass in the uterus. On ultrasound this mass often has a grape-like appearance, as it contains many small cysts. Chance of mole formation is higher in older women.