What is a risk factor for dystocia?
Risk factors for both include maternal obesity, excessive prenatal weight gain, maternal diabetes, protracted labor, and fetal macrosomia. These factors are involved in only about 50% of births complicated by shoulder dystocia or brachial plexus injury.
Which factors can contribute to labor dystocia?
There are a number of risk factors for labor dystocia, including first-time pregnancy, advanced maternal age, and high BMI. Labor dystocia can result in complications both for the pregnant person and the fetus.
What is the most common cause of dystocia?
Failure of cervical dilation and uterine torsion are the most common causes of dystocia of maternal origin. Failure of cervical dilation is associated with long-term progesterone supplementation during pregnancy.
What is labor dystocia?
Labor dystocia refers to abnormally slow or protracted labor. It may be diagnosed in the first stage of labor (onset of contractions until complete cervical dilation) or the second stage of labor (complete cervical dilation until delivery).
Can babies get stuck during birth?
The most common reasons babies become stuck in the birth canal during delivery include fetal macrosomia (the baby is too big for vaginal delivery); shoulder dystocia (the baby’s shoulder gets stuck behind the mother’s pelvic bone); and breech presentation (the baby does not move into the correct head down position …
What happens if baby gets stuck in pelvis?
When the baby’s shoulder becomes stuck in the pelvis at the time the head is born, these nerves in the baby’s neck may become stretched. Up to one in ten babies who have shoulder dystocia have brachial plexus injury. This injury may cause loss of movement (paralysis) to the baby’s arm.
In what stage of labor could dystocia occur?
Dystocia in the second stage of labor is characterized by prolonged duration or arrested descent. This may be caused by fetal malposition, inadequate contractions, poor maternal efforts, or true cephalopelvic disproportion.
What are the symptoms of dystocia?
Clinical signs of dystocia include labor lasting more than 4 hours with no production of the fetus, green vaginal discharge, and / or more than 1 hour between births. If any of these signs are noted, it is recommended that you seek medical attention immediately.
Why is dystocia an emergency?
Shoulder dystocia is an obstetric emergency in which normal traction on the fetal head does not lead to delivery of the shoulders. This can cause neonatal brachial plexus injuries, hypoxia, and maternal trauma, including damage to the bladder, anal sphincter, and rectum, and postpartum hemorrhage.
What can you do for a baby with shoulder dystocia?
The midwife or doctor will gently press on your tummy to help free the baby’s shoulder. This is called the ‘McRoberts manoeuvre’. Another position that can work for you to get onto all fours. Sometimes, the midwife or doctor will need to put their hand inside your vagina to free the baby’s body.