What is the history of abnormal psychology?
The Greek physician Hippocrates, who is considered to be the father of Western medicine, played a major role in the biological tradition. Hippocrates and his associates wrote the Hippocratic Corpus between 450 and 350 BC, in which they suggested that abnormal behaviors can be treated like any other disease.
Who developed abnormal psychology?
Dorothea Dix played an instrumental role in the field of abnormal psychology during the 19th Century. She investigated the challenges faced by mental health treatment centers and discovered underfunding and an unregulated system contributed to the demise of humane treatment.
What is the earliest evidence of treatment for abnormal behavior?
500 B.C. – Ancient Times
- The treatment for mental illness was exorcism or torture.
- Trepanning, which consisted of a small instrument being used to bore holes in the skull, would allow the evil spirits to leave the possessed person.
- Abuse the body badly enough, and the spirit will want to leave it.
How was abnormality treated in the past?
Treatment in the Past It was believed that mental illness was caused by demonic possession, witchcraft, or an angry god (Szasz, 1960). For example, in medieval times, abnormal behaviors were viewed as a sign that a person was possessed by demons.
What are the causes of abnormal psychology?
The bio-psycho-social model of disorder proposes that disorders are caused by biological, psychological, and social-cultural factors.
- Biological Influences.
- Psychological Influences.
- Sociocultural Influences.
- The Biopsychosocial Model of Illness.
Which development was part of the legacy of Dorothea Dix?
Hailing from New England, Dorothea Dix pioneered reform both for the treatment of mental illness and incarceration.
What are the theories of abnormal psychology?
The four main models to explain psychological abnormality are the biological, behavioural, cognitive, and psychodynamic models. They all attempt to explain the causes and treatments for all psychological illnesses, and all from a different approach.
How can abnormal behavior developed?
Lack of development in the Superego, or an incoherently developed Superego within an individual, will result in thoughts and actions that are irrational and abnormal, contrary to the norms and beliefs of society. Irrational beliefs that are driven by unconscious fears, can result in abnormal behavior.
Who was the first recorded attempt to explain abnormal behavior?
Diagnostic Criteria In psychiatry the psychiatrist must be able to validly and reliably diagnose different mental illnesses. The first systematic attempt to do this was by Emil Kraepelin who published the first recognized textbook on psychiatry in 1883.
How was mental illness viewed in the Middle Ages?
In the middle ages, mentally ill patients often became outcasts, left to their own devices in society. In some instances, people in the middle ages viewed those with mental illness as witches or proof of demonic possession. The supernatural ideas did not stop there.
What are the five perspectives of abnormal psychology?
Perspectives on Abnormal Behavior
- The medical perspective.
- The psychodynamic perspective.
- The behavioral perspective.
- The cognitive perspective.
- The social‐cultural perspective.
Which was a primary reform accomplished by Dorothea Lynde Dix?
One of the primary reforms accomplished by Dorothea Lynde Dix was the establishment or enlargement of state hospitals. The application of psychiatric mental health nursing theory to promote holistic client care in the therapeutic relationship is grounded in the work of which historical figure?
What is “abnormality” in psychology?
Abnormality can be defined as a deviation from ideal mental health. This means that rather than defining what is abnormal, psychologists define what is normal/ideal mental health, and anything that deviates from this is regarded as abnormal. This requires us to decide on the characteristics we consider necessary to mental health.
What is the importance of abnormal psychology?
Abnormal psychology is the study of brain dysfunctions that cause irregular behaviors, like those exhibited by patients with obsessive-compulsive disorder and schizophrenia.
Is autism considered abnormal psychology?
Since abnormal psychology is the study of abnormal behavior, autism falls under this category. The actual cause of autism is unknown, but it manifests itself as a form of abnormal brain development.