What is modified hypsarrhythmia?
Variations of the prototypic pattern (modified hypsarrhythmia) include hypsarrhythmia with increased interhemispheric synchronization, asymmetrical hypsarrhythmia, hypsarrhythmia with a consistent focus of abnormal discharge, hypsarrhythmia with episodes of attenuation, and hypsarrhythmia comprising primarily high- …
What is an interictal EEG?
Concept and Definition Interictal EEG is defined as an electroencephalographic recording that does not contain seizures or ictal manifestations and is therefore obtained in the intervals between clinical attacks. It is the most frequent recording type in the clinical practice.
What can be mistaken for infantile spasms?
Infantile spasms are caused by a condition in a baby’s brain and include repetitive, but often subtle movements—such as jerking of the mid-section, dropping of the head, raising of the arms or wide-eyed blinks. IS can be misdiagnosed as colic, reflux, or a startle reflex.
Are myoclonic jerks seizures?
A myoclonic seizure is a type of generalized seizure, meaning it occurs on both sides of the brain. It causes muscle jerking that often lasts for 1 or 2 seconds.
What causes ohtahara syndrome?
Ohtahara syndrome is classically caused by very abnormal brain structure that may be due to damage or abnormal development. It also can be due to metabolic disorders or genetic epilepsy syndromes, although the cause or causes for many cases can’t be determined.
Can infantile spasms cause brain damage?
Infantile spasms is a complex and rare disorder that can have very serious consequences. It can lead to death in some babies, and cause intellectual disabilities and developmental problems in others. Even once the seizures are gone, the damaging brain effects can remain.
What is interictal epileptiform discharge?
Interictal epileptiform discharges (IEDs), meaning spikes, polyspikes, sharp waves, or spike and slow-wave complexes without observed clinical seizures, are commonly observed in children with epilepsy. Neuropsychological evidence indicates that childhood epilepsy often has negative effects on cognitive function [2].
What causes interictal epileptiform discharges?
The generation of interictal epileptiform discharges (IEDs) in partial epilepsies is commonly ascribed to enhanced excitatory interactions within glutamatergic neuronal networks. Recent evidence, however, supports the view that inhibitory networks do play a central role.
What is a hypsarrhythmic EEG pattern?
The term hypsarrhythmia in an EEG report is specific for a diagnosis of infantile spasms. The hypsarrhythmic EEG pattern is a high-amplitude, chaotic slowing of generalized distribution without interhemispheric synchronization and with multifocal epileptiform discharges throughout. Hypsarrhythmia is more frequent in younger infants and early in
Can you see hypsarrhythmia on EEG?
Evaluation: EEG, MRI. The term hypsarrhythmia in an EEG report is specific for a diagnosis of infantile spasms. The hypsarrhythmic EEG pattern is a high-amplitude, chaotic slowing of generalized distribution without interhemispheric synchronization and with multifocal epileptiform discharges throughout.
What is hypsarrhythmia and how does it affect the brain?
Hypsarrhythmia is very chaotic and disorganized brain electrical activity with no recognizable pattern, whereas a normal brain electrical activity shows clear separation between each signal and visible pattern. It is an abnormal interictal pattern, consisting of high amplitude and irregular waves and spikes in a background…
What is hypsarrhythmia in PEHO syndrome?
Hypsarrhythmia with little spike or sharp activity. The “H” in PEHO syndrome stands for hypsarrhythmia. Together with developmental regression and infantile spasms, hypsarrhythmia is one of the diagnostic criteria for West syndrome.