What are the five environmental systems?
Bronfenbrenner divided the person’s environment into five different systems: the microsystem, the mesosystem, the exosystem, the macrosystem, and the chronosystemm. The microsystem is the most influential level of the ecological systems theory.
What is an Exosystem?
An exosystem refers to one or more settings that do not involve the developing person as an active participant, but in which events occur that affect—or are affected by—what happens in the setting containing the developing person.
What are examples of microsystem?
Microsystems include the child’s family, school, peers, and neighborhood. Microsystems also include sports and activities, such as karate class or Girl Scouts. The microsystem contains bi-directional relationships.
Which theory proposes that development occurs within a number of nested and interactive environmental systems?
Bronfenbrenner’s ecological systems theory focuses on the quality and context of the child’s environment. He states that as a child develops, the interaction within these environments becomes more complex. This complexity can arise as the child’s physical and cognitive structures grow and mature.
What is Exosystem child development?
The exosystem is a system of Bronfenbrenner’s ecological systems theory that encompasses factors that influence children’s development, even though children may not be directly involved with these interactions. An example includes parents’ jobs, in terms of whether their jobs may trigger a relocation to a new location.
How does Exosystem affect a child?
Unlike the mesosystem and microsystem, the exosystem influences the child indirectly as it ‘trickles down’ through other individuals that have an influence on the child’s life. Exosystems can be temporary, like a parent being laid off from their job, or long-term, like the death of an extended family member.
What is Exosystem and Macrosystem?
Exosystem: Involves links between social settings that do not involve the child. Macrosystem: Describes the overarching culture that influences the developing child, as well as the microsystems and mesosystems embedded in those cultures.
Why is the microsystem the most influential?
The microsystem is the most influential system because the child has direct interaction with these individuals; that interaction occurs on a consistent basis over an extended period of time (Brofenbrenner, 2004).
What are the values of microsystem?
The microsystem specifies inherent and learned personal characteristics: mainly knowledge, dispositions, and skills.
How is Bronfenbrenner’s ecological theory different from that of Freud and Erikson?
Erikson’s Psychosocial Development Theory adopts an intrapersonal focus, outlining nine age related stages of the life cycle while Bronfenbrenner’s Ecological Stage Theory focuses on five socio-cultural stages within which the individual interacts, interpersonally, over time.
Is social media in the Exosystem?
Social media sites were also set up and are subject to the whim of their designers. This would take place in the exosystem. (For example, the outrage you hear when Facebook changes its site or policy terms. Another example is how the “rules” of the social media site are coded.
What does Mesosystem mean?
The mesosystem is the interlinked system of microsystems in which a person participates—for example, linkages between family and school.