Why is Parihaka significant to New Zealand?
In the 1870s and 1880s, Parihaka was the site of New Zealand’s most visible episodes of peaceful protest when two Maori leaders, Te Whiti o Rongomai and Tohu Kakahi used passive resistance methods to occupy Maori land that the colonial government had confiscated.
Where is Parihaka in NZ?
Taranaki region
Parihaka is a community in the Taranaki region of New Zealand, located between Mount Taranaki and the Tasman Sea.
Do people still live in Parihaka?
Parihaka today continues to live with the ongoing consequences of confiscation, and to draw on the legacy of Tohu and Te Whiti to discuss and consider how to respond to injustice. After confiscation of Parihaka lands following the invasion by British troops on 5 November 1881, the landscape changed.
What happened to Tohu and Te Whiti?
All outsiders were expelled (about 1,600 people), and their homes destroyed. Te Whiti, Tohu and a third Taranaki prophet, Tītokowaru, were arrested and spent six months imprisoned awaiting trial. Te Whiti was again arrested in 1886. He returned to Parihaka in 1887, but in 1891 was declared bankrupt.
What did te whiti do?
Te Whiti o Rongomai III ( c. 1830–18 November 1907) was a Māori spiritual leader and founder of the village of Parihaka, in New Zealand’s Taranaki region. Te Whiti established Parihaka community as a place of sanctuary and peace for Māori many of whom seeking refuge as their land was confiscated in the early 1860s.
How did Parihaka affect Māori?
Te Whiti and Tohu, from the Taranaki region, created the Parihaka settlement in reflection of their Christian values and to live autonomously of the government, reinforcing the idea that Maori were self-sufficient peoples and had the same rights as European settlers.
Why did Te Whiti start Parihaka?
Two figures, Te Whiti o Rongomai and Tohu Kākahi led the Parihaka movement. Both men were committed to non-violent action in order to resist the invasion of their estates and to protect Māori independence. Throughout the wars of the 1860’s the Parihaka leaders forbade the use of arms and condemned violence and greed.
What did te whiti believe in?
Te Whiti protested against the confiscations and the loss of all lands. He objected particularly to occupation of confiscated land which had long been left unoccupied by settlers and was believed to have been returned through the quiescence of the native minister, Donald McLean.
Why did John Bryce invade Parihaka?
Due to the heightening conflict between the government and the Maori of Taranaki, Bryce was called back to cabinet to put into effect his policies of breaking up the Parihaka settlement with Rolleston, on his last night in office (19 October 1881) sending a letter to Parihaka, advising them that they had 14 days to ‘ …
What do Tohu and Te Whiti names mean?
The name Te Whiti-o-Rongomai (celestial flight of the shining one, resting at Puke-Te Whiti) came to symbolise, according to descendants, the essence of the mission that he, with Tohu Kākahi, was called to work out in the Māori world.
What are the Parihaka values?
In Parihaka: The Art of Passive Resistance, he wrote: “At Parihaka we discover some of the values that we most cherish as a nation—solidarity, integrity, justice and peace, and, of course, the central importance of land—and from the prophets we can learn the value and necessity of spiritual resistance to defend these …
What is the history of Parihaka?
Parihaka had grown in the wake of the land wars of the 1860s, and by the 1870s was the largest Māori village in the country. This self-sufficient community was made up of Māori who had become dispossessed during the land conflicts and was led by two prophets – Te Whiti o Rongomai and Tohu Kākahi.
What happened to Te Whiti and Parihaka?
As Native Minister, William Rolleston visited Parihaka on October 8, 1881, urging Te Whiti to submit to the Government. Te Whiti ignored it. A proclamation issued on October 19, 1881, gave Te Whiti and the inhabitants of Parihaka, 14 days to depart.
What is the significance of Parihaka in Maori history?
In December 1865 Te Ua consecrated Tohu, Te Whiti and Taikomako (Te Whiti’s half-brother) to carry on his religious work combining Maori spiritualism and the rhetoric of Christianity to prophesy that the period of European ascendancy in New Zealand was coming to an end. Parihaka was set up as an open village, as opposed to a bush fortress.
Who was Te Whiti and why was he important?
Te Whiti. Te Whiti was a Taranaki leader and prophet. A resistance movement based at Parihaka was led by him and Tohu Kākahi. Te Whiti was arrested following the infamous raid on Parihaka by Armed Constabulary in 1881.
What happened to Te Whiti and Tohu Kakahi in 1881?
On November 5 1881, Native Minister John Bryce rode on Parihaka at the head of 1,500 armed constabulary and volunteer militia. There was no resistance. Te Whiti and Tohu Kakahi were arrested and transported to the South Island, where they were kept without trial for two years.