What is retrograde pyelography?
A retrograde pyelogram is an imaging test that uses X-rays to look at your bladder, ureters, and kidneys. The ureters are the long tubes that connect your kidneys to your bladder. This test is usually done during a test called cystoscopy.
What is antegrade pyelography?
An antegrade pyelogram is an imaging test to find a blockage (obstruction) in the upper urinary tract. Your urinary tract includes the kidneys, ureters, and bladder. The ureters are the narrow tubes that carry urine from the kidneys to the bladder.
What contrast media is used in retrograde pyelography?
Retrograde pyelography uses a special dye (“contrast agent”) injected into the ureters. The dye makes the ureters and kidneys more easily seen on the x-ray. This test is like an intravenous pyelogram (IVP). But with IVP, the dye is injected into a vein instead of the ureter.
What is the meaning of pyelogram?
Pyelogram (or pyelography or urography) is a form of imaging of the renal pelvis and ureter. Intravenous pyelogram – In which a contrast solution is introduced through a vein into the circulatory system.
What is Pyelography used for?
An intravenous pyelogram is used to examine your kidneys, ureters and bladder. It lets your doctor see the size and shape of these structures and determine if they’re working properly.
What is cystoscopy with stent placement?
The scope is inserted into the urethra and into the bladder. The bladder is examined for any abnormalities. Stent Placement: The ureteral orifice (hole where the ureter enters the bladder) on the side of concern is identified. A wire is placed into the hole and guided up the ureter to the inside of the kidney.
How do you do antegrade pyelography?
An ultrasound probe or a CT scan will be used to first find the kidneys. Then, the skin over the kidney will be numbed and a needle is passed to the kidney. Dye is inserted to outline the renal collection system. (This is the part of the urinary tract that drains urine between the kidney and bladder.)
Why DJ stenting is done?
Ureteral double J (DJ) stents are frequently used to relieve ureteral obstruction and almost as a routine part of the ureteroscopic procedures by many surgeons. DJ stent placement has the potential side effects such as flank pain and urinary tract infection (UTI) due to retrograde urine flow.
What did the doctor mean by glomerulonephritis?
Glomerulonephritis (gloe-mer-u-low-nuh-FRY-tis) is inflammation of the tiny filters in your kidneys (glomeruli). Glomeruli remove excess fluid, electrolytes and waste from your bloodstream and pass them into your urine. Glomerulonephritis can come on suddenly (acute) or gradually (chronic).