What is loya jirga Afghanistan?
A loya jirga (Pashto: لويه جرګه, “grand assembly”) is a special type of jirga, or legal assembly, in Pashtunwali, the traditional code of laws of the Pashtun people. In Afghanistan, loya jirgas have been reportedly organized since at least the early 18th century when the Hotaki and Durrani dynasties rose to power.
What is the social structure of Afghanistan?
Afghanistan’s social structure is dominated by multiple layers made up of ethnic, tribal, clan, family, or qawm entities. 2 My primary intention—to analyze these multiple structures (political, cultural, tribal, economic, regional, military, religious, etc.)
Why did US intervene in Afghanistan in 2001?
The invasion’s public aims were to dismantle al-Qaeda, which had executed the September 11 attacks, and to deny it a safe base of operations in Afghanistan by removing the Taliban government from power.
How are females treated in Afghanistan?
Women and girls are deprived of education and denied economic liberty. In their pre-marriage and post-marriage relationships, their ability to assert their economic and social independence is limited by their families. Most married Afghan females are faced with the stark reality that they are forced to endure abuse.
Who won the Afghan civil war?
The war ended with the Taliban regaining power after a 19 years and 10 months-long insurgency against allied NATO and Afghan Armed Forces. It was the longest war in United States history, surpassing the Vietnam War (1955–1975) by approximately five months.
Why did the US invade Afghanistan after 9 11?
On October 7, 2001, the US invaded Afghanistan to avenge the al-Qaida-orchestrated September 11 terrorist attacks. The primary aim of the US invasion was to hunt down Osama bin Laden and punish the Taliban for providing safe haven to al-Qaida leaders.
What is the relationship between US and Afghanistan?
The U.S. relationship with Afghanistan is a strong, long-term, and broad bilateral partnership. We have many shared interests, including the advancement of democracy, peace, security, and economic development in Afghanistan and in the region.