What is A nucleic acid base?
A nucleic acid base (or nucleobase) is a nitrogen heterocyclic compound, which serves as the informational monomer of ribonucleic acids (RNA) and deoxyribonucleic acids (DNA), the biopolymers responsible for the storage and transmission of genetic information.
What are the nucleic acid bases in DNA?
The bases used in DNA are adenine (A), cytosine (C), guanine (G), and thymine (T). In RNA, the base uracil (U) takes the place of thymine.
What is nucleic acid and example?
Two examples of nucleic acids include deoxyribonucleic acid (better known as DNA) and ribonucleic acid (better known as RNA). These molecules are composed of long strands of nucleotides held together by covalent bonds. Nucleic acids can be found within the nucleus and cytoplasm of our cells.
What is the basic formula for nucleic acids?
Deoxyadenosine Monophosphate (dAMP): C10H14N5O6P. This chemical formula represents the sum of the purine base adenine (C5H5N5), deoxyribose(C5H10O4), and phosphoric acid (H3PO4), where condensation reactions at the molecule bond sites lose two water molecules (2H20). This is the DNA form.
What is nucleic acid Class 11?
Nucleic acids are molecules that consist of the genetic information of an individual. The main two examples of nucleic acids are Deoxyribonucleic acid (DNA) and Ribonucleic acid (RNA). DNA and RNA are composed of nucleotides that consist of three components- a pentose sugar, a nitrogenous base, and a phosphate group.
What is nucleic acid Slideshare?
Nucleic acids are biopolymers, or small biomolecules, essential to all known forms of life. They are composed of nucleotides, which are monomers made of three components: a 5-carbon sugar, a phosphate group and a nitrogenous base.
How do you identify the bases in DNA?
Adenine and guanine are purine bases. These are structures composed of a 5-sided and 6-sided ring. Cytosine and thymine are pyrimidines which are structures composed of a single six-sided ring. Adenine always binds to thymine, while cytosine and guanine always bind to one another.
Why are nucleotides called bases?
Originally Answered: why adenine, thymine, cytosine and guanine are called base? Nitrogenous bases are named as such due to the basic nature of the nitrogen functional groups they possess. The structure of ammonia (NH3) shows that nitrogen has a pair of electrons on top, making that end of the molecule more negative.
What are nucleic acids Class 12?
Nucleic acids are the polymers in which nucleotides are monomers. These are biomolecules present in nuclei of all living cells in the form of nucleoproteins . They are also called as polynucleotides .
What is the rule for base pairing in DNA?
The rules of base pairing (or nucleotide pairing) are: A with T: the purine adenine (A) always pairs with the pyrimidine thymine (T) C with G: the pyrimidine cytosine (C) always pairs with the purine guanine (G)
How is nucleic acid built up?
Nucleic acids are long chainlike molecules composed of a series of nearly identical building blocks called nucleotides. Each nucleotide consists of a nitrogen-containing aromatic base attached to a pentose (five-carbon) sugar, which is in turn attached to a phosphate group.
What are nucleic acids Ncert?