What are gene fusions in cancer?

What are gene fusions in cancer?

Gene fusions, or translocations, resulting from chromosomal rearrangements are the most common mutation class. They lead to chimeric transcripts or to deregulation of genes through juxtapositioning of novel promoter or enhancer regions.

How is gene fusion detected?

Transcriptome sequencing (RNA-seq) has emerged as an effective method to detect fusion transcripts in the precision medicine pipeline. While point mutations and indels can be readily captured from whole exome sequencing (WES), detecting genome rearrangements typically requires whole genome sequencing (WGS).

What is a fusion mutation?

A fusion gene is a hybrid gene formed from two previously independent genes. It can occur as a result of translocation, interstitial deletion, or chromosomal inversion. Fusion genes have been found to be prevalent in all main types of human neoplasia.

What are gene fusion events?

Gene fusion is a chromosomal rearrangement event where two independent genes fuse together to form a hybrid gene. This rearrangement event usually involves insertion, deletion, inversion, translocation or read-through transcription of neighboring genes [1].

What is fusion treatment for cancer?

The fusion theory states that acquisition of a metastatic phenotype occurs when a healthy migratory leucocyte such as a macrophage fuses with a primary tumor cell. The resultant hybrid is a migratory cell with the uncontrolled cell division of the original cancer cell.

What is transcriptional fusion?

Today fusions like these hisD fusions are often called transcriptional fusions. Such fusions do not result in the production of a hybrid protein but rather just place the gene(s) in question under the control of a different promoter.

Can DNA sequencing detect gene fusion?

In recent years, gene fusions have gained significant recognition as biomarkers. They can assist treatment decisions, are seldom found in normal tissue and are detectable through Next-generation sequencing (NGS) of the transcriptome (RNA-seq).

What are fusion partners?

FEATURED PARTNERS FUSION: (of a person) devoted to a task or purpose; having single-minded loyalty or integrity. Versatile: The ability to adapt or be adapted to many different functions or activities.

What is chromosome fusion?

(FYOO-zhun jeen) A gene made by joining parts of two different genes. Fusion genes, and the fusion proteins that come from them, may be made in the laboratory, or made naturally in the body when part of the DNA from one chromosome moves to another chromosome.

When does gene fusion happen?

Gene fusions and cancer Gene fusions occur when 2 genes that are normally not connected fuse at a specific break point, resulting from chromosomal translocations, rearrangements, or deletions. The driver gene initiates the fusion with the partner gene (Figure 1).

What are the side effects of an infusion?

Side effects and complications

  • temporary changes in the way you taste food and drinks.
  • headaches.
  • nausea and vomiting.
  • muscle and joint pain.
  • shortness of breath.
  • itchiness and rash.
  • increased or decreased blood pressure or heart rate.
  • burning sensation or swelling at the site of the injection.

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